2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考试题库难点易错点剖析附答案有详解41.docx
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1、2022年考博英语-哈尔滨师范大学考试题库(难点、易错点剖析)附答案有详解1. 单选题It is obvious that this applicable to everyone without _.问题1选项A.exceptionB.excisionC.modificationD.substitution【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. exception一般情况以外的人(或事物);例外 B. excision切除;删除C. modification改进;改变 D. substitution代替;替换【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息applicable to ever
2、yone(适用于每一个人)可知,每个人都适用,也就是说没有一个例外,without exception是常见用法,表示“无例外地,全部”,故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】显然,这适用于每个人,无一例外。2. 单选题They are well _ with each other since they once studied in the same university.问题1选项A.acquaintedB.recognizedC.acknowledgedD.identified【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. acquainted熟悉;了解 B. recogni
3、zed辨别出;意识到C. acknowledged承认(属实) D. identified确认;认出【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据since原因状语从句的内容“因为他们曾在同一所大学学习”可推知,They are well _ with each other表示的是“他们互相了解、熟悉对方”,所以空格处表示“熟悉”,而be acquainted with也是常见搭配,表示“与相识;了解”,所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C项不符合句意;D项指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等,不符合句意。【句意】因为他们曾在同一所大学学习,所以彼此很熟悉。3. 单选题He does not
4、 his workmate, and there are often disagreements between them.问题1选项A.go on withB.put up withC.get along withD.keep up with【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. go on with继续;进行 B. put up with忍受,容忍C. get along with与和睦相处;取得进展 D. keep up with赶得上;和保持联系【答案】C【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】根据后半句“他们之间经常有分歧”可知,他和他的同事之间的关系不是很好,所以空格处表示“和睦相处”符合句
5、意,故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。【句意】他和他的同事相处不好,他们之间经常有分歧。4. 单选题His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top _.问题1选项A.circleB.rankC.categoryD.grade【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. circle圆圈 B. rank(尤指较高的)地位,级别C. category(人或事物的)类别,种类 D. grade等级,品级【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键词soldier和top可知,此处是指最高军
6、衔的军人,而rank指人在社会中的地位或等级,尤指军队中的军衔,符合句意,故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C项不符合句意;D项是指按照地位或优劣划分的等级,是比较宽泛的等级,放在句中不恰当。【句意】他的脾气和个性表明他能成为一名有最高军衔的军人。5. 单选题Though steam engines have now passed the _ of their usefulness, their heritage remains.问题1选项A.primeB.eraC.epochD.date【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. prime年富力强的时期;鼎盛时期 B. era时代;年代C. epo
7、ch纪元;时期 D. date日期;日子【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息passed the _ of their usefulness(过了它们使用的_)和主句their heritage remains(但它的传统依然存在)可推知,该句表示的是“即使蒸汽机过了当初的鼎盛时期,但它的传统依然存在至今”,空格处表示“鼎盛时期”符合句意,故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C项都是指历史上的一段时期,尤指发生重要事件或变化的时期,不符合句意;D项不符合句意。【句意】尽管蒸汽机现在已不再有用,但它的传统依然存在。6. 单选题Passage 1The medical world
8、is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness.As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the countrys most talented artists have been called
9、in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.These recent initiatives owe a great deal to on
10、e artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience.A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5000 visitors each w
11、eek. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art? Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britains first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team
12、of six young art school graduates.The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards.The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illn
13、ess. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.21. According to the passage, “to soften the hard edges of modern buildings” means _.22. What can we say of Pe
14、ter Senior?23. According to Peter Senior, _.24. After the improvement of the hospital environment, _.25. The fact that six young art school graduates joined Peter shows that _.问题1选项A.to pull down hospital buildingsB.to decorate hospitals with art collectionsC.to improve the quality of treatment in h
15、ospitalsD.to make the corners of hospitals buildings round问题2选项A.He is a pioneer in introducing art into hospitals.B.He is a doctor interested in painting.C.He is an artist who has a large collection of paintings.D.He is a faithful follower of hospital art.问题3选项A.art is losing its audience in modern
16、 societyB.art galleries should be changed into hospitalsC.patients should be encouraged to learn paintingD.art should be encouraged in British hospitals问题4选项A.patients no longer need drugs in their recoveryB.patients are no longer wholly dependent on expensive drugsC.patients need good-quality drugs
17、 in their recoveryD.patients use fewer pain killers in their recovery问题5选项A.Peters enterprise is developing greatlyB.Peter Senior enjoys great popularityC.they are talented hospital artistsD.the role of hospital environment is being recognized【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】21.【选项释义】21. According t
18、o the passage, “to soften the hard edges of modern buildings” means _. 21. 根据这篇文章,“软化现代建筑的硬边”意味着_。A. to pull down hospital buildings A. 拆除医院建筑B. to decorate hospitals with art collections B. 用艺术收藏品装饰医院C. to improve the quality of treatment in hospitals C. 提高医院的治疗质量D. to make the corners of hospitals
19、 buildings round D. 使医院建筑的角落成为圆形【答案】B【考查点】语义推测题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段第一句“作为英国全国范围内将艺术带出画廊、带到公共场所的努力的一部分,英国一些最有才华的艺术家被请来改造旧医院,并软化现代建筑的硬边”,从中理解可知,软化现代建筑的硬边是将艺术带出画廊、带到公共场所的努力的一部分,也就是说“软化现代建筑的硬边”意味着让艺术家用艺术品来装饰医院,故B项“用艺术收藏品装饰医院”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“拆除医院建筑”和D项“使医院建筑的角落成为圆形”原文都没有依据,这两项属于无中生有;C项“提高医院的治疗质量”是艺术改变医院的环境质量
20、的结果,而不是“软化现代建筑的硬边”的隐含内容,该项属于张冠李戴。22.【选项释义】22. What can we say of Peter Senior? 22. 我们对彼得知道一些什么呢?A. He is a pioneer in introducing art into hospitals. A. 他是把艺术引入医院的先驱。B. He is a doctor interested in painting. B. 他是一个对绘画感兴趣的医生。C. He is an artist who has a large collection of paintings. C. 他是一位收藏了大量绘画作
21、品的艺术家。D. He is a faithful follower of hospital art. D. 他是医院艺术的忠实追随者。【答案】A【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据第三段第一句“这些最近的创想在很大程度上要归功于一位艺术家彼得,他在1970年早期在英格兰东北部的曼彻斯特医院建立了自己的工作室”和第四段最后一句“彼得被认为是英国第一个医院艺术家(Britains first hospital artist)”理解可知,彼得是第一个把艺术引入医院的艺术家,所以A项“他是把艺术引入医院的先驱”符合原文,故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B项“他是一个对绘画感兴趣的医生”,原文交代了彼
22、得是一位艺术家,该项属于曲解原文;C项“他是一位收藏了大量绘画作品的艺术家”在原文没有提及,该项属于无中生有;D项“他是医院艺术的忠实追随者”,原文第三段最后一句只提到“他(彼得)觉得艺术家已经失去了在现代社会的地位,艺术应该被更广泛的观众所欣赏”,并没有说明彼得是医院艺术的忠实追随者,该项属于曲解原文。23.【选项释义】23. According to Peter Senior, _. 23. 根据彼得的说法,_。A. art is losing its audience in modern society A. 在现代社会,艺术正在失去它的观众B. art galleries should
23、 be changed into hospitals B. 美术馆应该改成医院C. patients should be encouraged to learn painting C. 应该鼓励病人学习绘画D. art should be encouraged in British hospitals D. 英国医院应该鼓励艺术【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第三段最后一句“他(彼得)觉得艺术家已经失去了在现代社会的地位,艺术应该被更广泛的观众所欣赏”可知,彼得认为艺术家在现代社会失去地位,而艺术本应该被更多的观众欣赏,也就是说现代社会中的艺术正在失去它的观众,故该题选择A项“
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