雅思班最新豪华版讲义.doc

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1、目 录 第一节：1）考试介绍 2）词汇记忆 与 猜词第二节：长难句：1）三大从句 2）插入成分第三节：长难句：1）复杂修饰 2）其他长难句第四节： 1）段落理解 2）同义重现 3）考点信息词第五节：1）谋篇原则 2）题型讲解第六节：1）题型讲解 2）复习计划 Faith can move mountains!总 论（1）雅思阅读的几个重要数据2 3 9 10 40 60 （2）对于阅读的要求：语法： 词汇： 知识背景： （3） 雅思阅读的评分体系：哥要考 N 分，进某牛大学，考不上就是“人妖”。18 / 5 21 / 5.5 23 / 6 26 / 6.5 30 / 7 32 / 7.5 35

2、 / 8 37 / 8.5 40 / 9 雅思阅读文章的逻辑结构三步式：1） 首段：对全文的控制，第二段至倒数第二段具体展开首段内容。2） 第二段至倒数第二段：a) 原则上每段都有主题句； b) 原则上段与段之间都有过渡成分；c) 过渡之后一般为主题句 或 考点信息。3）尾段：展望未来，给出建议，或 总结全文。雅思阅读中 三种 最重要逻辑信号词：A 代词与同义重现： 衔接作用： B 强转折： 作用： C 让步： 作用： 单词（阅读的DNA）词汇的记忆方法单词的记忆方法：（1） 联想记忆法 （2）词根词缀 （3）阅读记忆法 （4）在生活中积累词汇例子：1） 2） 3） （5）重复次数与时间间隔的

3、科学记忆17： 815： 1621： 2227： 总结复习： （推荐教材：雅思词根词缀联想俞敏洪） 每天利用早上，中午，下午，晚上，各15分钟反复重复大量记忆词汇。15分钟时间段星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六星期日上午123456789101112复习1至12单元中午1212345678910下午343456789101112星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六星期日上午131415161718192021221920复习13至22单元中午111213141516171819202122下午131415161718192021221920星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六星期日上午23

4、2425262728293031323335复习23至35单元中午212223242526272829303132下午2324252627282930 3132 3335三大猜词宝典（1） 词根与前缀（400多个常见词根词缀）（推荐：蒋争英语词汇的奥妙）词根是一个单词的核心含义Norm 的扩展_ 通过常见前缀猜单词a 不，无，非 ap加强或引申意义 dis 不，无，非acentric asocial atypical asymmetry amoral appoint appease approximate appraise apprehension dislike dishonest disr

5、emember disorder disability 练习fore_ 通过词根常见前缀来猜单词extend extension attend contend tendency intend tension _ _ unite united disunity unique unison unilateral unidirectional_ 练习duc 总结：常见猜词前缀与词根。见附件。（2） 通过上下文A同位语/同位语从句/定语从句：which is/which means/that/who/whomAn examination of the functioning of the senses

6、 in cetaceans, the group of mammals comprising whales, dolphins and porpoises （剑4 副标题）Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.The volunteers who positively apply to go to Beijing for organizing Olympic game are very kind. B标点与下定义解释：破折号- 扩

7、号（） 冒号： / Define A is B, A known as B, the term means, A is called/named BCrepuscular raysalternating bright and dark rays in the skyappear to radiate from the sun.Generally the rates of interest have been modest (lower than bank rates). (剑4 section3 第1课)But the classic eruption - cone-shaped mounta

8、in, big bang, mushroom cloud and surges of molten lava - is only a tiny part of a global story. （剑4 section3 第2课）A person or thing beyond comparison, a model of excellence, is known as a paragonWe would like to define architecture is designing the structure of buildings Anthropology is the scientifi

9、c study of man.In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.C类比与并列 / 反比: As well as, and, rather than, or, bothand, eitheror, neither.norSimilar, likeBut/instead/rather/different/alternatively/however/nevertheless/unlike/conve

10、rsely/contrast/on the contrary/ whereas/ despite/ in spite of/ on the other hand/ whileA skyscraper, or building more than twenty stories high, is built on a foundation of concrete supported by piles（堆） driven into the ground.Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most c

11、ommon characteristics of electronic circuitsBecause they do not need sunlight to survive, parasitic plants are generally found in umbrageous areas rather than in areas exposed to direct sunlight.A. moist B. well lit C. shaded D. buriedTodays teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than thei

12、r _ grandparents.A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy It is only in marriage with the world that our ideals can bear fruit; divorced from it, they remain barren. (英国数学家哲学家 Bertrand Russell)D通过上下文寻找同义替换: in other words, to put it another way, that is to say, to be preciseBefore the main bus

13、iness of a conference begins, the chairman usually makes a short preliminary speech or makes a few preliminary remarks. In other words, he says a few things by way of introduction.The worlds heaviest flower, a species of Rafflesia, is a parasite that flourishes among, and lives off of, the roots of

14、jungle vines. Each of these ponderous blooms can weigh up to 15 pounds (7 kg) and can measure up to 3 feet (1 m) across. A smelly B hidden C mature D heavyE通过常识/语义逻辑/因果since, as, because, for,When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, b

15、ecause he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. If you are capable of working twelve hours a day without a rest, and if you can engage in physical exercise for hours without seeming to get tired, then you are indefatigable.Since I could not afford to purchase th

16、e original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.F举例解释：like，for example，for instance，such asSeveral managers complain of obsolete skills. For instance, shorthand(速记) is still used in many meetings although it is rarely used.You know! In Arabia world the cou

17、ntry enforces the institution of polygamy. Like one of my foreign friends who has three wives and six children. The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.（3） 名词猜大的方向，动词猜正负态度，副词直接跳过名词The grou

18、p of mammals includes whales, dolphins and porpoises.动词The nerves serving taste buds have degenerated or are rudimentary. 副词Language is also intimately bound up with culture. 副词常见后缀（ably, -ally, -ibly, ly, -ce, -fold, -wards）1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply2)-ward, -wards, upward向上的，朝上 downward 向下的，

19、朝下 3)-ways, cornerways 对角的，斜4)-wise, crosswise 交叉 coastwise 沿海岸练习（请猜出下列单词的含义）1) Vision is obviously more useful to species inhabiting clear open waters than to those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains.（剑四 第二课）2) These methods include strength training that duplicates what they are doing in t

20、heir running events as well as plyometrics, a technique pioneered in the former Soviet Union.（剑三）3) An intellectual breakthrough, brilliant thought it may be, does not automatically ensure that the transition is made from theory to practice. (剑三)4) In very significant cases of role change, e.g. from

21、 a soldier in the ranks to officer, from bachelor to married man. （剑四）5) PM10, a sub-category of particulate matter measuring ten millionins of a metre across, has been implicated in thousands of death a year in Britain alone.（剑三） 雅思阅读过程中的长难句问题They argue that those scientists are underestimating the

22、 damage done by passive smoking and, in support of their recent findings, cite some previous research which points to passive smoking as the cause for between 30,000 and 60,000 deaths from the heart attacks each year in the United States. 长难句类型：1.三大从句 2.插入成分 3.复杂修饰 4.其他长难句形式句子的基本5种类型：（简单句型）（1） 主谓结构：

23、She comes（2） 主谓宾结构：She stares at him（3） 主系表结构：Her face turns red; She is pretty （4） 主谓宾宾结构：She gives him a gift（5） 主谓宾补结构：She orders John chairman如何判断 双宾 与 宾补 结构？ She passes Tom a pen. She makes Tom happy. 练习She is beautifulTom is good at playing basketballHe orders Tom monitorThe course of true lov

24、e never did run smooth. 真诚的爱情之路永不会是平坦的。（莎士比亚）练习（辨认出下列句子中短语类型 以及 在句子中担当的成分）A wonderful book likes a good teacherThe book have been left to TomHe is going with his motherHe is a good waiterMoney is not everything. Theres Mastercard & Visa. 简单句变为并列句：（简单句+并列连词+简单句）（1） She comes there, and they have dinn

25、er together（2） Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher并列句中如果主语一致，第二个主语可以省略Metals expand when it is heated and contract when it is cooled.Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled 常见连接并列句的连词有：and, or, but, bothand, 练习（自己造2个并列句） 三大从句- 名词性从句 /定语从句 /状语从句（1）名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）

26、Mike said that he was feeling ill. (= Mike said A)That I dressed up as a noble man is my first time. (= A is my first time )Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about pure, curriculum science.（= Many studies have shown A ）（剑三section1 第一课）主语从句：that, whether, what, whatever, wh

27、o, whoever, when, where, how, whyWhether he will come is doubtful.It is certain that he will come.（形式主语）What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave.表语从句：that, whether, what, whatever, who, whoever, when where, why, what, whateverMy idea is that well all go except Lily.My dream is that I ca

28、n fly over sea.One misconception, expressed by some 10% of the pupils, was that acid rain is responsible for rainforest destruction. （剑三section1 第一课）宾语从句：that, whether, what, whatever, who, whoever, when, where, why, what, whatever1） 在及物动词后做宾语从句All of us know that we must study hard.2）在宾补当中做形式宾语He t

29、hinks it necessary that he should do it again.（形式宾语）3） 在双宾动词后做直接宾语或者间接宾语They gave who came to the meeting a pamphlet.I assure you that I had no intention of offending you.4）在介词后面做宾语从句I will give this dictionary to whoever wants to have it.（四级考题）一句话总结： 经典例句复习：What is learned in the cradle is carried

30、to the grave (幼时所学，终生难忘)I will give this dictionary to whoever wants to have it.（四级考题）He thinks it necessary that he should do it again.（形式宾语）练习A）：请辨认下列的从句类型I feel that this award was not made to me as a man, but to my work. (威廉，福克纳)We soon believe what we desire. Chaucer乔叟练习B）：请造四个从句a) I feel that

31、b) That is great c) What is great d) The idea is that 练习C）：翻译下列2个从句That the love stems from friendship is everlasting. What people used to call destiny is really just their own stupidities. (德国哲学家 Arthur Schopenhauer) 主，表，宾从句复习大总结一句话：一个名词变成一个句子：主语，表语，宾语 经典语句复习：1）We soon believe what we desire. 我们欲望中

32、的东西，我们很快就信以为真.Chaucer乔叟2）That we knew the rumor is that the information was transmitted by media.同位语从句：名词that/whether/which从句The idea that we will watch the film 2012 tomorrow is quite good. (= The idea A is quite good )The supreme happiness in life is the conviction that we are loved. (法国作家 Victor

33、Hugo)一句话总结： 经典例句：The supreme happiness in life is the conviction that we are loved. (法国作家 Victor Hugo)When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.练习1）：请辨认下列的从句类型The question whether well go to see the film next M

34、onday hasnt been settled.The human story does not always unfold like a mathematical calculation on the principle that two and two make four.（丘吉尔）练习2）：请造三个句子I have a dream that I asked teacher a question that The news that is not bad复习同位语一句话总结：一句子等于一个名词：宾语，主语；理解成什么什么的。 名词性从句复习大总结：同位语从句： 一个句子等同与一个名词（主语，宾语）；理解成什么什么的。 主，表，宾语从句：一个名词（主语，表语，宾语）变成了一个句子 经典语句复习：同位语从句：The supreme happiness in life is the conviction that we are loved. (法国作家 Victor Hugo)主，表，宾语从句：Experience is what you get when you