《汽车发动机构造（双语课程）》习题（按项目列出）.docx

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1、项目一任务一发动机总体构造及安全操作规程Item1Task1Useofcommontoolsandmeasuringtoolsforautomobileengines一.判断题(对”,错义)(41题)I.Trueorfalsequestions(TrUe,falseX”)(41questions)L汽车的动力源是起动机。()1 .Thepowersourceofthecaristhestarter.()2.活塞环包括气环和水环两种。()2 .Pistonringincludestwokindsofgasringandwaterring.()3.曲柄连杆机构由机体组、活塞连杆组和曲轴飞轮组等三部

2、分构成。()3 .Thecrankconnectingrodmechanismiscomposedofthreeparts:bodygroup,pistonconnectingrodgroupandcrankshaftflywheelgroup.()4 .四冲程发动机的工作循环包括四个活塞行程，即进气、作功、和排气。()5 .Theworkingcycleofafour-strokeengineconsistsoffourpistonstrokes,namely,intake,work,andexhaust.()6 .在安装气环时，各个气环的切口应该错位。()5. Wheninstalling

3、gasrings,thecutsofeachgasringshouldbemisaligned.()6.气门式配气机构由气门组和气门起动组组成。()6. Thevalvevalvemechanismiscomposedofavalvegroupandavalvestartinggroup.()7.气门弹簧座是通过安装在气门杆尾部的凹槽或圆孔中的锁片或锁销固定的。()7. Thevalvespringseatisfixedbyalockpieceorlockpininstalledinthegrooveorroundholeattheendofthevalverod.()8.强制冷却水在发动机内

4、进行循环的装置是水泵。()8. Thedevicethatforcesthecoolingwatertocirculateintheengineisthepump.()9.发动机的曲柄连杆机构采用压强润滑和飞溅润滑相结合的润滑方式。()9. Thecrankconnectingrodmechanismoftheengineadoptsthelubricationmethodcombiningpressurelubricationandsplashlubrication.()10.机油泵常见的结构形式有齿轮式和转子式机油泵。()10. Thecommonstructureofoilpumpisg

5、eartypeandrotortypeoilpump.()IL活塞环有“三隙Q间隙、背隙和端隙。（）11. Thepistonringhasthreegaps:clearance,backclearanceandendclearance.（）12. 一般水冷式发动机的冷却水温最佳范围为2535。（）13. Thebestrangeofcoolingwatertemperatureofgeneralwater-cooledengineis25-35.（）14. 曲轴变形，主要是指曲轴的弯曲变形。（）15. Crankshaftdeformation,mainlyreferstothebendin

6、gdeformationofthecrankshaft.（）16. 将油箱中的燃油吸出来并送到燃油分配管中的元件是活塞。（）14 .Theelementthatsucksthefueloutofthetankandsendsittothefueldistributionpipeisthepiston.（）15 .检查曲轴的弯曲度，一般是检查曲轴的圆跳动量。（）16 .Checkthecurvatureofthecrankshaft,generallycheckthecircularrunoutofthecrankshaft.（）17 .汽油机常见的燃烧室形状有盘形球形两种类型。（）Thecom

7、moncombustionchambershapeofgasolineenginehastwotypesofdiscshapeandballshape.（）18 .曲轴的裂纹多发生在曲轴臂与轴柄颈之间的过渡圆角处及油孔处。（）17 .Thecracksofcrankshaftmostlyoccuratthetransitioncornersandoilholesbetweenthecrankshaftarmandtheshafthandleneck.（）18 .气缸磨损程度的技术状祝是发动机是否需进行总成修理的决定性标志。（）Thetechnicalindicationofthedegreeo

8、fcylinderwearisadecisiveindicatorofwhethertheengineisinneedofassemblyrepair.（）19 .活塞的最大磨损部位一般是群部。（）Thelargestwearpartofthepistonisgenerallygrouppart.（）20 .活塞销与活塞销座孔及连杆小头的连接方式有全浮式和沉浸式两种。（）21 .Thepistonpinandthepistonpinseatholeandtheconnectingrodsmallheadareconnectedintwoways:fullfloatingandimmersion

9、22 .非增压发动机在进气结束时，气缸内压力小于外界大气压。（）23 .Attheendofintake,thepressureinthecylinderislessthantheexternalatmosphericpressure.（）24 .发动机在排气结束时，气缸内压力小于外界大气压。（）22 .Attheendoftheexhaustoftheengine,thepressureinthecylinderislessthantheoutsideatmosphericpressure.（）23 .点火系统将低压变为高压是由点火线圈和断电器共同完成的。（）24 .Theigniti

10、onsystemchangesthelowpressureintohighpressurebytheignitioncoilandthebreaker.（）25 .曲轴正时齿轮是由凸轮轴正时齿轮驱动的。（）26 .Thecrankshafttiminggearisdrivenbythecamshafttiminggear.（）27 .离心式点火提前装置是在发动机负荷一定,发动机转速发生变化时起作用,真空式点火提前机构是发动机转速一定,负荷发生变化时起作用（）28 .Centrifugalignitionadvancedeviceworkswhentheengineloadisfixedandt

11、heenginespeedchanges,andvacuumignitionadvancemechanismworkswhentheenginespeedisfixedandtheloadchanges（）29 .压缩比等于气缸工作容积与燃烧室容积的比值。（）26 .Thecompressionratioisequaltotheratiooftheworkingvolumeofthecylindertothevolumeofthecombustionchamber.（）27 .为防止缸盖变形,拧紧缸盖螺栓的步骤是先中间、后四周,一次性按规定力矩拧紧。（）28 .Topreventdeforma

12、tionofthecylinderhead,thestepsfortighteningthecylinderheadboltsaretostartinthemiddleandthenaround,andtightenatonceaccordingtothespecifiedtorque.29 .蜡式节温器失效后无法修复,应按照其安全寿命定期更换。（）30 .Thewaxthermostatcannotberepairedafterfailureandshouldbereplacedregularlyaccordingtoitssafelife.（）31 .曲杆连柄机构是在高温、高压以及有化学腐

13、蚀的条件下工作的。（）32 .Thecrankandhandlemechanismworksunderhightemperature,highpressureandchemicalcorrosion.（）33 .气门间隙是指气门与气门座之间的间隙。（）30 .Thevalveclearancereferstotheclearancebetweenthevalveandthevalveseat.（）31 .凸轮轴的转速比曲轴的转速快一倍。（）32 .Thespeedofthecamshaftistwicethatofthecrankshaft.（）33 .过量空气系数越大,则可燃混合气的浓度越浓

14、34 .Thegreatertheexcessaircoefficient,thegreatertheconcentrationofthecombustiblemixture.35 .蜡式节温器失效后,发动机易出现过热现象。()36 .Afterthewaxthermostatfails,theengineispronetooverheating.()37 .汽车举升机可按照形状、功能及占用空间的不同进行分类。()38 .Carliftmachinecanbeclassifiedaccordingtoshape,functionandoccupyspace.()39 .剪式汽车举升机操作

15、前即使车内的行李物品重量很轻，也需将其搬出车外。()40 .Beforetheoperationofthescissorcarliftmachine,eveniftheluggageinthecarisverylight,itneedstobemovedoutofthecar.()41 .剪式汽车举升机下降操作时，直接按下“下降”按钮即可完成下降操作。()42 .Whenthescissorcarliftmachineisdescending,thedescendingoperationcanbecompletedbypressingthedownbuttondirectly.()37.清洁就

16、是清扫。()43 .Cleaningissweeping.()44 .修理汽油箱前，应用专用溶液或水清除油箱内的残余油气。但在清洗时不得吸烟，不得在旁边烘烤零件或点燃喷灯。()45 .Beforerepairingthegasolinetank,applyspecialsolutionorwatertoremovetheresidualoilandgasinthetank.Butdonotsmokewhilecleaning,donotbakethepartsorlighttheblowtorchnexttoit.()39.蓄电池应轻搬轻放，不可歪斜，以防电解液泼出腐蚀人体皮肤和衣服。()39

17、Thebatteryshouldbecarriedlightlyandnottiltedtopreventtheelectrolytefromspillingoutandcorrodinghumanskinandclothes.()40.6S是指整理、整顿、清扫、清洁、素养、防护。()40.6Sreferstofinishing,rectification,sweeping,cleaning,literacy,protection.()41 .维修工具可以在实际工作中混用。()42 .Maintenancetoolscanbemixedinpracticalwork.()二.单选题(34题)

18、II.Multiplechoicequestions(Selectonlyoneanswerchoice)(34questions)L发动机工作时，曲轴的正时齿轮带动下列哪一个部件工作()1. Whentheengineisworking,thetiminggearofthecrankshaftdriveswhichofthefollowingpartstowork()A.进排气凸轮轴B.飞轮C.喷油器D.节气门A.IntakeandexhaustcamshaftB.FlywheelC.InjectorD.Throttlevalve2. 在某些发动机凸轮轴盖上有时会标有DoHC,那么DoHC是

19、表示()。3. DOHCissometimesmarkedonthecamshaftcoverofsomeengines,soDOHCstandsfor().A.单顶置凸轮轴B.双顶置凸轮轴C.新型电喷发动机D.缸内喷射A.SingleoverheadcamshaftB.DoubleoverheadcamshaftC.NewtypeofelectronicfuelinjectionengineD.In-cylinderinjection3.学生a说：在齿轮传动中，斜齿轮比正齿轮啮合更为平稳，噪声更小；学生b说：在拆装发动机的时候，配气机构的拆装要观察原机体上有没有正时记号，没有的话要认真做好记

20、号，备装配的时候用。下列说法正确的是()4. Studentasaid:ingeartransmission,thehelicalgearmeshesmoresmoothlyandmakeslessnoisethanthespurgear;Studentbsaid:whendisassemblingtheengine,thedisassemblyandassemblyofthevalvemechanismshouldobservewhetherthereisatimingmarkontheoriginalbody,ifnot,itshouldbecarefullymadeamarkforass

21、embly.Thefollowingstatementiscorrect()A.只有学生a正确B.只有学生b正确C.学生a和b都正确D.两个都错误A.OnlystudentaiscorrectB.OnlystudentBiscorrectC.BothstudentsaandbarecorrectD.Botharewrong4.在电控发动机的供油系统中，油压调节器的作用是()o4. Intheoilsupplysystemoftheelectronicallycontrolledengine,thefunctionoftheoilpressureregulatoris().A.控制燃油分配管中的

22、压力恒定A. ControltheconstantpressureinthefueldistributionpipeB.在节气门开度大时燃油压力变小B. Whenthethrottleopeningislarge,thefuelpressurebecomessmaller.C.燃油压力与进气管压力之差保持恒定C. ThedifferencebetweenthefuelpressureandtheintakepipepressureremainsconstantD.进气管压力大时燃油压力小D. Whentheintakepipepressureislarge,thefuelpressureiss

23、mallE. 现代汽车发动机普遍采用多气门结构，其作用是为了()5. Modernautomobileenginesgenerallyusemulti-valvestructure,itsroleisto()A.提高点火性能B.提高喷油性能C.减小爆震D.提高充气效率A.ImproveignitionperformanceB.improvefuelinjectionperformanceC.reduceknockD.Improveinflationefficiency6. 发动机温度过热时，以下哪个描述是错误的？（）6. Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse

24、whentheenginetemperatureisoverheated?（）A.将使发动机熄火困难A. willmakeitdifficulttostalltheengineB.将使汽油机爆燃或早燃B. willmakethegasolineenginedeflaggingorearlyignitionC.将使汽油机容易熄火C. willmakethegasolineengineeasytostallD.将使发动机经济性变好D. willmaketheenginemoreeconomical7.正常工作的发动机，其机油泵的限压阀应该是（）7. Thenormaloperationofthee

25、ngine,theoilpumppressurelimitingvalveshouldbe（）A.经常处于关闭状态A. OftenintheclosedstateB.热机时开，冷机时关B. Whentheheatengineison,thecoldmachineisoffC.经常处于溢流状态C. OftenintheoverflowstateD.热机时关、冷机时开D. WhentheheatengineisOffthecoldmachineison8.从各缸的进、排气凸轮轴的排列，我们可以判断出发动机的（）8. Fromthearrangementoftheinletandexhaustcam

26、shaftofeachcylinder,wecanjudgethe（）ofthestartingmotor.A.转速B.工作顺序C.气门的迟闭角D.气门的提前角A.SpeedB.WorkingsequenceC.LateclosingangleofthevalveD.Advanceangleofthevalve9.学生a说：气门弹簧折断时，将会影响发动机的工作，严重时会造成事故；学生b说：气门弹簧折断时，进排气门可以开启得更快，增加进排气量。下列说法正确的是（）9. Studentasaid:Whenthevalvespringisbroken,itwillaffecttheworkofthe

27、engineandcauseaccidentsinseriouscases;Studentbsaid:Whenthevalvespringisbroken,theintakeandexhaustvalvescanbeopenedfastertoincreasetheintakeandexhaustvolume.Thefollowingstatementiscorrect()A.只有学生a正确B.只有学生b正确C.学生a和b都正确D.两个都错误A.OnlystudentaiscorrectB.OnlystudentBiscorrectC.BothstudentsaandbarecorrectD.

28、Botharewrong10.曲轴每旋转两圈，凸轮轴将旋转多少圈()10. Howmanyrevolutionswillthecamshaftrotateforeverytworevolutionsofthecrankshaft?A.两圈B.一圈C.三圈D.半圈A.TwoturnsB.OneturnC.ThreeturnsD.Halfacircle11. 发动机零件最主要的耗损形式是()12. Themostimportantformofenginepartswearis()D.变形D.deformation)A.磨损B.腐蚀C.疲劳A.wearB.corrosionC.fatigue12.现

29、代高级轿车多采用了液压挺柱，我们将无需调整(13. Modernluxurycarsmostlyusehydraulictappets,wewillnotneedtoadjust()A.点火顺序B.火花塞间隙C.喷油量D.气门间隙A.ignitionsequenceB.sparkplugclearanceC.fuelinjectionquantityD.valveclearance13.学生a说：活塞从上止点开始至进气门完全关闭的曲轴转角叫进气迟后角；学生b说：从排气门打开至下止点所转过的曲轴转角叫排气提前角。下列说法正确的是()14. Studentasaid:Thepistonangleo

30、fthecrankshaftfromtopdeadcentertotheintakevalvecompletelyclosediscalledtheintakelaterearangle;Studentbsaid:ThecrankshaftAnglerotatedfromtheopeningoftheexhaustvalvetothebottomdeadcenteriscalledtheexhaustadvanceangle.Thefollowingstatementiscorrect()A.只有学生a正确B.只有学生b正确C.学生a和b都正确D.两个都错误A.Onlystudentaisco

31、rrectB.OnlystudentbiscorrectC.BothstudentsaandbarecorrectD.Botharewrong14.学生a说：由于进、排气门的早开和迟闭，就会有一段时间内进、排气门同时开启的现象，这种现象称为气门重叠，重叠的曲轴转角称为气门重叠角；学生b说：我们设置适宜的气门重叠角，可以利用气流压差和惯性对燃烧室进行扫气，清除残余废气，增加新鲜空气充量。下列说法正确的是()15. Studentasaid:Duetotheearlyopeningandlateclosingoftheintakeandexhaustvalves,therewillbeaperio

32、doftimewhentheintakeandexhaustvalvesareopenedatthesametime.Thisphenomenoniscalledvalveoverlap,andtheoverlappingcrankshaftangleiscalledvalveoverlapangle;Studentbsaid:Wesetanappropriatevalveoverlapangle,whichcanmakeuseofairflowpressuredifferenceandinertiatosweepthecombustionchamber,removeresidualExhau

33、stgas,andincreasefreshaircharge.Thefollowingstatementiscorrect()A.只有学生a正确B.只有学生b正确C.学生a和b都正确D.两个都错误A.OnlystudentaiscorrectB.OnlystudentbiscorrectC.BothstudentsaandbarecorrectD.Botharewrong15. ()会引起发动机的上、下、左、右振动。16. ()willcausetheupper,lower;leftandrightvibrationsoftheengine.A.气体作用力B.离心力C.往复惯性力D.摩擦力A

34、GasforceB.CentrifugalforceC.ReciprocatinginertiaforceD.Frictionforce16.排气门的锥角一般为()17. Theconeangleoftheexhaustvalveisgenerally()A.30oB.45oC.60oD.50o17.气压检验法检测气门密封性时，储气筒内气压值，在0.5分钟内气压值降低至少不大于(),说明气门密封性良好。18. Whenthevalvesealingisdetectedbythepressuretestmethod,thepressurevalueinthegasstoragecylinder

35、isreducedbyatleastnotmorethan()within0.5minutes,indicatingthatthevalvesealingisgood.A.10%B.15%C.20%D.25%19. 下述各零件不属于气门驱动组的是()o18. Thefollowingpartdonotbelongtothevalvedrivegroupisthe().A.正时链条B.凸轮轴正时齿轮C.曲轴正时齿轮D.凸轮轴A.timingchainB.camshafttiminggearC.crankshafttiminggearD.camshaft19.发动机气缸磨损的检验，主要测量其()1

36、9. Enginecylinderweartest,mainlymeasureits()A.直线度和同轴度B.平行度和平面度A.straightnessandcoaxialityB.parallelismandplanarityC.垂直度和圆跳动D.圆度和圆柱度C.Verticalityandcircularrun-outD.RoundnessandCylindricity20.凸轮轴上凸轮的轮廓的形状决定于()o20. TheshapeofthecontouroftheCAMonthecamshaftisdeterminedby().A.气门的升程B.气门的运动规律C.气门的密封状况D.气门

37、的磨损规AvalveliftB.valvemotionlawC.valvesealstatusD.weargaugeforvalve2L活塞与气缸壁之间的润滑方式是()o21. Thelubricationmethodbetweenthepistonandthecylinderwallis().A.压力润滑B.飞溅润滑C.脂润滑D.压力润滑和飞溅润滑同时进行A.pressurelubricationB.splashlubricationC.greaselubricationD.pressurelubricationandsplashlubricationareperformedsimultan

38、eously22. 机油粗滤器上装有旁通阀，当滤芯堵塞时，旁通阀打开()o22. Thecrudeoilfilterisequippedwithabypassvalve.Whenthefilterelementisblocked,thebypassvalveopenstoA.使机油不经过滤芯，直接流回油底壳A. allowtheoiltoflowdirectlybacktotheoilpanwithoutpassingthroughthefilterelementB.使机油直接进入细滤器B. allowtheoiltodirectlyenterthefinefilterC.使机油直接进入主油道

39、C. allowtheoildirectlyentryintothemainoilpassageD.使机油流回机油泵D. allowoiltoflowbackintotheoilpump23.()是汽车的动力装置？23. ()isthepowerplantofthecar?A.车身B.底盘C.电器设备D.发动机A.BodyB.ChassisC.ElectricalequipmentD.Engine24.发动机气门间隙过大会造成气门脚异响,可用()来进行测量气门间隙。24. Theenginevalveclearanceistoolargetocausethevalvefootabnormals

40、ound,()canbeusedtomeasurethevalveclearance.A.扳手B.卡尺C.厚薄规D.外径千分尺A.wrenchB. caliperC. thicknessgaugeD. outermicrometer25.进、排气门在排气上止点时（)o).25. Whentheintakeandexhaustvalvesareattheexhausttopdeadcenter(A.进气门开,排气门关B.排气门开,进气门关A.Intakevalveopen,exhaustvalveclosedB.Exhaustvalveopen,intakevalveclosedC.排气门全关D

41、进、排气门开C.Exhaustvalvesareclosed.D.Intakeandexhaustvalvesareopened26. 四冲程发动机的有效行程是指()o27. Theeffectivestrokeofafour-strokeenginerefersto().A.压缩行程B.作功行程C.排气行程D.进气行程。A.compressionstrokeB.workstrokeC.exhauststrokeD.intakestroke.27.下述各零件不属于气门传动组的是()o28. Thefollowingpartdonotbelongtothevalvedrivegroupis()

42、A.气门弹簧B.挺柱C.摇臂轴D.凸轮轴A.valvespringB.tappetC.rockerarmshaftD.camshaft28.发动机的压缩比是指()之比。29. Thecompressionratiooftheenginereferstotheratioof().A.气缸总容积与燃烧室容积A. TotalcylindervolumeandcombustionchambervolumeB.气缸工作容积与燃烧室容积B. CylinderworkingvolumeandcombustionchambervolumeC.发动机排量与燃烧室容积C. Enginedisplacementa

43、ndcombustionchambervolumeD.气缸总容积与气缸工作容积D. Totalcylindervolumeandcylinderworkingvolume29.发动机中,活塞与连杆之间的活塞销主要起()o30. Intheengine,thepistonpinbetweenthepistonandtheconnectingrodismainlyraised().A.定位作用B.过载保护作用C.联接作用D.防松作用A.positioningfunctionB.overloadprotectionfunctionC.connectionfunctionD.Anti-100senin

44、gaction30.发动机的气缸壁采用()o31. Thecylinderwalloftheengineadopts().A.润滑脂润滑B.压力润滑C.飞溅润滑D.其它润滑A.GreaselubricationB.pressurelubricationC.splashlubricationD.Otherlubrication31.进气门晚关的目的是()o32. Thepurposeofclosingtheintakevalvelateisto().A.充分利用气流的惯性,增加进气量A. makefulluseoftheinertiaoftheairflowtoincreasetheintake

45、volumeB.减少进气阻力B. reducetheintakeresistanceC.排气更容易C. makeexhausteasierD.减少进气量D. reducetheintakevolume32.下面哪项不属于气门传动组()o33. Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothevalvedrivegroup()?A.凸轮轴B.挺柱C.摇臂D.气门导管A.camshaftB.tappetC.rockerarmD.valveguide33燃烧室由()共同组成。34. Thecombustionchamberconsistsof()together.A.汽缸盖

46、汽缸壁活塞顶部B.汽缸盖活塞顶部进气总管A.cylinderheadcylinderwallpistontopB.cylinderheadpistontopintakemanifoldC.汽缸壁活塞顶部进气总管D.汽缸盖汽缸壁进气总管C.cylinderwallpistontopairintakemainD.cylinderheadcylinderwallairintakemain34.发动机零件最主要的耗损形式是()。34.Themostcommontypeofenginepartswearoutis().A.磨损B.腐蚀C.疲劳D.变形A.wearB.corrosionC.fatigueD

47、deformation项目二任务一气缸压力测试Item2Task1Cylinderpressuretest一.判断题(对J,错义)(25题)I.Trueorfalsequestions(TrUe,falseX”)(25questions)L对置式和V形气缸体与气缸数相同的直列气缸体相比，高度降低，长度缩短，但宽度增大。()1. Comparedwithin-linecylinderswiththesamenumberofcylinders,theheightoftheopposedandV-shapedcylinderblockisreduced,thelengthisshortened,butthewidthisincreased.()2.平分式曲轴箱多用于大中型发动机上。()2. Bisectorcrankcaseismostlyusedforlargeandmedium-siz